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This study investigates the biological activity of pure allantoin (PA) and aqueous extract of the comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) root (AECR) standardized to the allantoin content. The anti-irritant potential was determined by measuring electrical capacitance, erythema index and trans epidermal water loss of artificially irritated skin of young healthy volunteers, 3 and 7 days after application of creams and gels with PA or AECR.

Highlights:

-Pure allantoin showed mild inhibitory effect on proliferation of both cell lines at concentrations 40 and 100 µg/ml.

- Pharmaceutical preparations that contained AECR showed better anti-irritant potential compared with PA.

-Topical preparations that contain comfrey extract may have a great application in the treatment of skin irritation.

This research paper talks about the effects and benefits of the bacteria's present in Lactic acid for the skin. This review discusses recent findings on the effects of lactic acid bacteria on skin health and their specific applications in skin-whitening cosmetics.

Highlights:

-Lactic acid has a multitude of therapeutic and functional properties.

-Lactic acid is effective for depigmentation and improving the surface roughness and mild wrinkling of the skin caused by environmental photo-damage.

- Studies have reported the beneficial effects of lactic acid bacteria, their extracts or ferments on skin health, including improvements in skin conditions and the prevention of skin diseases.

This research is designed to give more focus on market growth of this important organic acid and to provide an overview on the recent applications of lactic acid in both medical and pharmaceutical industries. The moisturising efficiency connected directly to lactate is moisture-detained capability, and the skin-lightening action of lactic acid was produced by the repression of the formation of tyrosine. Since they were normal constituent of the human body, following lactic acid and its salt fit completely into the renewed direction towards natural and safe formularization, and they produced such effects as renewal and skin illumination

Highlights:

-Lactic acid offers a natural constituent for cosmetic implementations.

-This alpha hydroxy acid was first discovered in 1780 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

-It was used as a pH regulator and had other features such as skin hydration, antimicrobial activity, and skin lightening.

This research aims To evaluate the efficacy and safety of full strength pure lactic acid 92% (pH 2.0) chemical peel in superficial acne scarring in Indian skin. At the end of 3 months, there was definite improvement in the texture, pigmentation, and appearance of the treated skin, with lightening of scars.

Highlights:

-Lactic acid, a mild alpha hydroxy acid, has been used in the treatment of various dermatological indications.

-There was definite improvement in the texture, pigmentation, and appearance of the treated skin, with lightening of scars at the end of 3 months.

-Greater than 75% clearance of lesions occurred in one patient.

The paper studies the Age-Deterring and Skin Care Function of a Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Concentrate. It can be concluded from the research conducted to analyse the Age-Deterring and Skin Care Function of a Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Concentrate, that Sugarcane extract has anti-ageing properties. The extract protects the skin from photodamage, speeds up the renewal of cells, and minimizes the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles while making the skin supple.

Highlights:

-Sugarcane extract Improves the appearance of skin pigmentation and fine lines and wrinkles.

-The extract of sugarcane exhibits anti-ageing properties.

-Protects the skin from UV radiation.

The paper studies the anti-aging effects of Ginseng extract on human skin. It was observed that Ginseng extract has anti-aging properties that protect the skin from photodamage, speed up the production of collagen, and minimize the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles while making the skin supple. Despite low humidity, Ginseng extracts seem to have provided remarkable moisture and lower skin roughness.

Highlights:

-Using Ginseng extracts reduces the appearance of crow’s feet and other signs of aging.

-Stops damage caused by the UV rays and regulates procollagen type 1.

This research talks about allantoin-containing preparations used clinically to study their therapeutic effects in wound healing. Allantoin may also reduce scar formation by preventing epidural fibrosis, as tested in a model. There is also evidence that allantoin diminishes hyperkeratotic changes, erythema, infiltration, and the subjective symptoms of itching and burning in patients with psoriasis.

Highlights:

-Allantoin is a heterocyclic organic compound produced by animals, bacteria, and plants.

-Allantoin is useful for wound, burn, scar, pruritus, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, fibroblast, collagen, antifungal, antimicrobial, necrotic, and keratolytic treatments.

This research paper is aimed to determine the effectiveness of using moisturizing creams that contain saccharide isomerate and ceramide to reduce Transepidermal water loss in eczema sufferers. Saccharide isomerate has been proven to be an ideal ingredient for individuals having skincare issues like eczema as it helps to soothe and provide a long-term solution to this issue in particular.

Highlights:

-Saccharide Isomerate forms hyaluronic acid in the epidermis, aiding its function in maintaining moisture by increasing the water content in the skin even in low humidity.

-The use of moisturizing creams containing Saccharide Isomerate and Ceramide effectively reduced the trans epidermal water loss value in eczema sufferers

-Usage of pentavitin combined skincare took care of the main symptom felt by people with eczema such as excessive itching of the skin followed by reddened skin, scaly and cracked.

This research paper talks about the effects of Pentamidine in hydrating the skin as well as scalp. DNA microarray assays on human keratinocytes have shown that saccharide isomerate effectively stimulates genes that play a key role in skin barrier improvement. Specifically, the upregulation of the genes for filaggrin and hyaluronan synthase-3 indicates improved skin hydration ability by boosting NMF and hyaluronan levels. Also, increases in loricrin and acid sphingomyelinase gene expression strengthen the cornified envelope and stimulate ceramide synthesis, respectively.

Highlights:

-Saccharide isomerate is derived from the D-glucose of wheat and is similar in composition to the endogenous carbohydrate complex in the natural moisturizing factor found in the stratum corneum.

-This unique binding mechanism of this ingredient ensures that the action is not washed away but continues to improve hydration until removed by the natural process of desquamation.

-Saccharide isomerate supports hydration and water retention in the short term, leading consequently to improved desquamation in the mid to long term.

The research talks about vitamin C as a potent antioxidant drug that can be used topically in dermatology to treat and prevent changes associated with photoaging. Vitamin C in dermatology Vit. C protects the skin from oxidative stress by sequentially donating electrons to neutralize the free radicals

Highlights:

-Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant drug that can be used topically in dermatology to treat and prevent changes associated with photoaging.

-It has been proposed that Vit. C influences quantitative collagen synthesis in addition to stimulating qualitative changes in the collagen molecule.

-Vit. C is equally effective against both UVB (290-320 nm) and UVA (320-400 nm).

This article talks about all benefits of Kakadu plum as a source of Vitamin C. There is a myriad of uses for the Kakadu Plum and its extracts. Kakadu Plum extract is used as a preservative alternative to nitrates and sulfides and the powder is used in health products, cosmetics, and other nutraceutical products.

Highlights:

-Kakadu Plum has the highest Vitamin C content, and are better absorbed by the body resulting in a more active effect on your immune system than synthetic alternatives

-They are an excellent source of gallic which repair damaged skin and reduce collagen breakdown.

-Kakadu Plums have been found to contain compounds that reduce the skin inflammatory response to UV light.

This research briefly reviews the properties, mechanism of action, and clinical uses of Aloe Vera in health, beauty, medicinal, and skincare. Aloe vera contains 75 potentially active constituents: vitamins, enzymes, minerals, sugars, lignin, saponins, salicylic acids and amino acids.

Highlights:

-Aloe vera gel has been reported to have a protective effect against radiation damage to the skin.

-Aloe Vera improves anti-inflammatory action and reduces prostaglandin E2 production.

-Aloe gel increased collagen content and also changed collagen composition (more type III) and increased the degree of collagen cross linking.

Considering aloe vera treatment for improvement of wound healing is useful as well as other standard treatments. Various studies reported that aloe vera has useful effects on wounds especially cutaneous wound healing. Therefore in the current review, we examined the effect of aloe vera on cutaneous wound healing and concluded that although aloe vera improves wound healing as well as other procedures both clinically and experimentally, more studies are still needed to approve the outcomes. Epidermis has been separated from dermis by the basal membrane. Dermis is composed of papillary and reticular cells that comprise extracellular matrix or the basal substance consisting of collagen, fibrous networks, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans. Despite various modern skin cares and treatments using herbal products like aloe vera plays an important role in wound healing especially in complementary medicine.

Highlights:

-Its healing property is related to a compound that is called glucomannan, which is enriched with polysaccharides like mannose.

-With antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, aloe vera mucilage also causes the progress in wound healing trend.

-The effects of aloe gel on skin improve the dermal intake of drugs as well.

This study investigates the biological activity of pure allantoin (PA) and aqueous extract of the comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) root (AECR) standardized to the allantoin content. The anti-irritant potential was determined by measuring electrical capacitance, erythema index and trans epidermal water loss of artificially irritated skin of young healthy volunteers, 3 and 7 days after application of creams and gels with PA or AECR.

Highlights:

-Pure allantoin showed mild inhibitory effect on proliferation of both cell lines at concentrations 40 and 100 µg/ml.

- Pharmaceutical preparations that contained AECR showed better anti-irritant potential compared with PA.

-Topical preparations that contain comfrey extract may have a great application in the treatment of skin irritation.